The first eight months of Sweden's COVID-19 strategy and the key actions and actors that were involved.
Identifieur interne : 000048 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000047; suivant : 000049The first eight months of Sweden's COVID-19 strategy and the key actions and actors that were involved.
Auteurs : Jonas F. Ludvigsson [Suède, Royaume-Uni, États-Unis]Source :
- Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) [ 1651-2227 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
AIM
COVID-19 has affected millions of people worldwide. This paper reviews the Swedish pandemic response.
METHODS
A narrative review was carried out and a timeline constructed.
RESULTS
By September 1, 2020, 0.8% of Swedish residents had tested positive for the virus and 0.06% of the population had died, which was higher than neighbouring Nordic countries, but lower than some European countries with general lockdowns. The main actors were the Public Health Agency, the National Board of Health and Welfare, the Civil Contingencies Agency and the Government. County councils and regions implemented policies, in conjunction with the Department of Education and county administrative boards. Sweden's response was less invasive than many other countries, with no general lockdown. It focused on mitigation: slowing, but not stopping, the pandemic. Physical distancing was recommended in public spaces, but mandatory in bars, restaurants and at events. Visits to nursing facilities were banned. Kindergartens and schools for children up to 16 stayed open, but closed for older children for three months. There were no enforced quarantines for infected households or geographical regions, and facemasks were not recommended outside health care.
CONCLUSION
Sweden chose a different pandemic strategy to its peer nations. This paper examines the first eight months.
DOI: 10.1111/apa.15582
PubMed: 32951258
PubMed Central: PMC7537539
Affiliations:
- Royaume-Uni, Suède, États-Unis
- Angleterre, Nottinghamshire, Svealand, État de New York
- Nottingham, Stockholm
- Université de Nottingham
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Ludvigsson</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement><region nuts="2">Svealand</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Paediatrics, Orebro University Hospital, Orebro, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Paediatrics, Orebro University Hospital, Orebro</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Orebro</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Nottingham</settlement><region type="nation">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Nottinghamshire</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Nottingham</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)</title><idno type="eISSN">1651-2227</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>AIM</b></p><p>COVID-19 has affected millions of people worldwide. This paper reviews the Swedish pandemic response.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b></p><p>A narrative review was carried out and a timeline constructed.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>By September 1, 2020, 0.8% of Swedish residents had tested positive for the virus and 0.06% of the population had died, which was higher than neighbouring Nordic countries, but lower than some European countries with general lockdowns. The main actors were the Public Health Agency, the National Board of Health and Welfare, the Civil Contingencies Agency and the Government. County councils and regions implemented policies, in conjunction with the Department of Education and county administrative boards. Sweden's response was less invasive than many other countries, with no general lockdown. It focused on mitigation: slowing, but not stopping, the pandemic. Physical distancing was recommended in public spaces, but mandatory in bars, restaurants and at events. Visits to nursing facilities were banned. Kindergartens and schools for children up to 16 stayed open, but closed for older children for three months. There were no enforced quarantines for infected households or geographical regions, and facemasks were not recommended outside health care.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSION</b></p><p>Sweden chose a different pandemic strategy to its peer nations. This paper examines the first eight months.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="In-Process" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32951258</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>02</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1651-2227</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>109</Volume><Issue>12</Issue><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Acta Paediatr</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The first eight months of Sweden's COVID-19 strategy and the key actions and actors that were involved.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>2459-2471</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1111/apa.15582</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="AIM">COVID-19 has affected millions of people worldwide. This paper reviews the Swedish pandemic response.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS">A narrative review was carried out and a timeline constructed.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS">By September 1, 2020, 0.8% of Swedish residents had tested positive for the virus and 0.06% of the population had died, which was higher than neighbouring Nordic countries, but lower than some European countries with general lockdowns. The main actors were the Public Health Agency, the National Board of Health and Welfare, the Civil Contingencies Agency and the Government. County councils and regions implemented policies, in conjunction with the Department of Education and county administrative boards. Sweden's response was less invasive than many other countries, with no general lockdown. It focused on mitigation: slowing, but not stopping, the pandemic. Physical distancing was recommended in public spaces, but mandatory in bars, restaurants and at events. Visits to nursing facilities were banned. Kindergartens and schools for children up to 16 stayed open, but closed for older children for three months. There were no enforced quarantines for infected households or geographical regions, and facemasks were not recommended outside health care.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION">Sweden chose a different pandemic strategy to its peer nations. This paper examines the first eight months.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2020 The Authors. Acta Paediatrica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Foundation Acta Paediatrica.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ludvigsson</LastName><ForeName>Jonas F</ForeName><Initials>JF</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-1024-5602</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Paediatrics, Orebro University Hospital, Orebro, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>11</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Norway</Country><MedlineTA>Acta Paediatr</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9205968</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0803-5253</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">COVID-19</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">coronavirus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">pandemic</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">social distancing</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">transmission</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>08</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>15</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>16</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>21</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>21</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>20</Day><Hour>20</Hour><Minute>41</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32951258</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1111/apa.15582</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7537539</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Title>REFERENCES</Title><Reference><Citation>Kavaliunas A, Ocaya P, Mumper J, et al. 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Lancet. 2020;395(10242):1973-1987.</Citation></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>Suède</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Nottinghamshire</li><li>Svealand</li><li>État de New York</li></region><settlement><li>Nottingham</li><li>Stockholm</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Nottingham</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Suède"><region name="Svealand"><name sortKey="Ludvigsson, Jonas F" sort="Ludvigsson, Jonas F" uniqKey="Ludvigsson J" first="Jonas F" last="Ludvigsson">Jonas F. Ludvigsson</name></region><name sortKey="Ludvigsson, Jonas F" sort="Ludvigsson, Jonas F" uniqKey="Ludvigsson J" first="Jonas F" last="Ludvigsson">Jonas F. Ludvigsson</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Ludvigsson, Jonas F" sort="Ludvigsson, Jonas F" uniqKey="Ludvigsson J" first="Jonas F" last="Ludvigsson">Jonas F. 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